“We survey 509 equity portfolio managers from both traditional and sustainable funds on whether, why, and how they incorporate firms’ environmental and social (“ES”) performance into investment decisions.”

Sustainable Investing: Evidence From the Field, FEB-RN Research Paper No. 18/2024, November 2, 2024, Alex Edmans, Tom Gosling, and Dirk Jenter — all based at the London School of Economics, UK.