“But in passive ESG funds, someone decides which activities matter when disqualifying a company, what rating is assigned and where the data comes from, where each threshold sits, when to review a holding, and how often the rules are revisited.’”

[COMMENTARY] Ethical and sustainable investors buying passive ESG, sustainable funds, etc., should realize these funds still require considerable management and many trade-offs.
The Active Decisions Inside Every Passive ESG Fund, by Lisa Marie Harast, November 9, 2026, Advisor Perspectives, USA.